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2017

1) Bloom, I., Edwards, M., Jameson, K. A., Syddall, H. E., Dennison, E., Gale, C. R., et al. (2017). “Influences on diet quality in older age: The importance of social factors.” Age and Ageing 46(2): 277-283.

2) Deary, V., Hagenaars, S. P., Harris, S. E., Hill, W. D., Davies, G., Liewald, D. C., et al. (2017). “Genetic contributions to self-reported tiredness.” Molecular Psychiatry 14: 14.

3) Gale, C. R., Mottus, R., Deary, I. J., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2017). “Personality and Risk of Frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine 51(1): 128-136.

4) Gale, C. R., Ritchie, S. J., Cooper, C., Starr, J. M. and Deary, I. J. (2017). “Cognitive Ability in Late Life and Onset of Physical Frailty: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 65(6): 1289-1295.

5) Hagenaars, S. P., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J. and Harris, S. E. (2017). “Cognitive ability and physical health: a Mendelian randomization study.” Scientific Reports 7(1): 2651.

6) Hagenaars, S. P., Hill, W. D., Harris, S. E., Ritchie, S. J., Davies, G., Liewald, D. C., et al. (2017). “Genetic prediction of male pattern baldness.” PLoS Genetics 13(2).

7) Navrady, L. B., Ritchie, S. J., Chan, S. W. Y., Kerr, D. M., Adams, M. J., Hawkins, E. H., et al. (2017). “Intelligence and neuroticism in relation to depression and psychological distress: Evidence from two large population cohorts.” European Psychiatry 43: 58-65.

8) Okely, J. A., Weiss, A. and Gale, C. R. (2017). “Wellbeing and Arthritis Incidence: The Role of Inflammatory Mechanisms. Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Psychosomatic Medicine. 10.

9) Palmer, K. T., D’Angelo, S., Harris, E. C., Linaker, C., Gale, C. R., Evandrou, M., et al. (2017). “Frailty, prefrailty and employment outcomes in Health and Employment After Fifty (HEAF) Study.” Occupational & Environmental Medicine 74(7): 476-482.

10) Palmer, K. T., D’Angelo, S., Harris, E. C., Linaker, C., Sayer, A. A., Gale, C. R., et al. (2017). “Sleep disturbance and the older worker: findings from the Health and Employment after Fifty study.” Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 43(2): 136-145.

11) Shaw, R. J., Cukic, I., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R., Chastin, S. F. M., Dall, P. M., et al. (2017). “The influence of neighbourhoods and the social environment on sedentary behaviour in older adults in three prospective cohorts.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14(6).

12) Shaw, R. J., Cukic, I., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R., Chastin, S. F. M., Dall, P. M., et al. (2017). “Relationships between socioeconomic position and objectively measured sedentary behaviour in older adults in three prospective cohorts.” BMJ Open 7(6).

13) Timmermans, E. J., van der Pas, S., Schaap, L. A., Cooper, C., Edwards, M. H., Gale, C. R., et al. (2017). “Associations between perceived neighbourhood problems and quality of life in older adults with and without osteoarthritis: Results from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study.” Health & Place 43: 144-150.

14) Veena, S. R., Krishnaveni, G. V., Srinivasan, K., Thajna, K. P., Hegde, B. G., Gale, C. R., et al. (2017). “Association between maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and offspring cognitive function during childhood and adolescence.” Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition 26(3): 438-449.

2016

1) Batty, G. D., McIntosh, A. M., Russ, T. C., Deary, I. J. and Gale, C. R. (2016). “Psychological distress, neuroticism, and cause-specific mortality: early prospective evidence from UK Biobank.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 70(11): 1136-1139.

2) Cox, S. R., Ritchie, S. J., Tucker-Drob, E. M., Liewald, D. C., Hagenaars, S. P., Davies, G., et al. (2016). “Ageing and brain white matter structure in 3,513 UK Biobank participants.” Nature communications 7: 13629.

3) D’Angelo, S., Coggon, D., Harris, E. C., Linaker, C., Sayer, A. A., Gale, C. R., et al. (2016). “Job dissatisfaction and the older worker: baseline findings from the Health and Employment After Fifty study.” Occupational & Environmental Medicine 73(8): 512-519.

4) Davies, G., Marioni, R. E., Liewald, D. C., Hill, W. D., Hagenaars, S. P., Harris, S. E., et al. (2016). “Genome-wide association study of cognitive functions and educational attainment in UK Biobank (N=112151).” Molecular Psychiatry 21(6): 758-767.

5) Gale, C. R., Booth, T., Starr, J. M. and Deary, I. J. (2016). “Intelligence and socioeconomic position in childhood in relation to frailty and cumulative allostatic load in later life: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 70(6): 576-582.

6) Gale, C. R., Cooper, C. and Aihie Sayer, A. (2016). “Prevalence and risk factors for falls in older men and women: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Age & Ageing 45(6): 789-794.

7) Gale, C. R., Hagenaars, S. P., Davies, G., Hill, W. D., Liewald, D. C., Cullen, B., et al. (2016). “Pleiotropy between neuroticism and physical and mental health: findings from 108 038 men and women in UK Biobank.” Transl Psychiatry Psychiatry 6: e791.

8) Gale, C. R., Harris, A. and Deary, I. J. (2016). “Reaction time and onset of psychological distress: the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 70(8): 813-817.

9) Hagenaars, S. P., Harris, S. E., Davies, G., Hill, W. D., Liewald, D. C., Ritchie, S. J., et al. (2016). “Shared genetic aetiology between cognitive functions and physical and mental health in UK Biobank (N=112151) and 24 GWAS consortia.” Molecular Psychiatry 21(11): 1624-1632.

10) Harris, S. E., Hagenaars, S. P., Davies, G., David Hill, W., Liewald, D. C., Ritchie, S. J., et al. (2016). “Molecular genetic contributions to self-rated health.” International Journal of Epidemiology 17: 17.

11) Hill, W. D., Davies, G., Harris, S. E., Hagenaars, S. P., Neuro Charge Cognitive Working group, Liewald, D. C., et al. (2016). “Molecular genetic aetiology of general cognitive function is enriched in evolutionarily conserved regions.” Transl Psychiatry Psychiatry 6(12): e980.

12) Hill, W. D., Hagenaars, S. P., Marioni, R. E., Harris, S. E., Liewald, D. C., Davies, G., et al. (2016). “Molecular Genetic Contributions to Social Deprivation and Household Income in UK Biobank.” Current Biology 26(22): 3083-3089.

13) Marioni, R. E., Ritchie, S. J., Joshi, P. K., Hagenaars, S. P., Okbay, A., Fischer, K., et al. (2016). “Genetic variants linked to education predict longevity.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113(47): 13366-13371.

14) Okely, J. A., Cooper, C. and Gale, C. R. (2016). “Wellbeing and Arthritis Incidence: the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe.” Annals of Behavioral Medicine 50(3): 419-426.

15) Okely, J. A. and Gale, C. R. (2016). “Well-Being and Chronic Disease Incidence: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Psychosomatic Medicine 78(3): 335-344.

16) Smith, D. J., Escott-Price, V., Davies, G., Bailey, M. E., Colodro-Conde, L., Ward, J., et al. (2016). “Genome-wide analysis of over 106000 individuals identifies 9 neuroticism-associated loci.” Molecular Psychiatry 21(6): 749-757.

17) Stafford, M., Kuh, D. L., Gale, C. R., Mishra, G. and Richards, M. (2016). “Parent-child relationships and offspring’s positive mental wellbeing from adolescence to early older age.” The Journal of Positive Psychology 11(3): 326-337.

18) Timmermans, E. J., van der Pas, S., Cooper, C., Schaap, L. A., Edwards, M. H., Deeg, D. J., et al. (2016). “The neighbourhood environment and use of neighbourhood resources in older adults with and without lower limb osteoarthritis: results from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study.” Clinical Rheumatology 35(11): 2797-2805.

19) Veena, S. R., Gale, C. R., Krishnaveni, G. V., Kehoe, S. H., Srinivasan, K. and Fall, C. H. (2016). “Association between maternal nutritional status in pregnancy and offspring cognitive function during childhood and adolescence; a systematic review.” BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth 16: 220.

20) Wraw, C., Deary, I. J., Der, G. and Gale, C. R. (2016). “Intelligence in youth and mental health at age 50.” Intelligence 58: 69-79.

2015

1) Fezeu, L. K., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Kivimaki, M., Hercberg, S. and Czernichow, S. (2015). “Is the Relationship between Common Mental Disorder and Adiposity Bidirectional? Prospective Analyses of a UK General Population-Based Study.[Erratum appears in PLoS One. 2015;10(7):e0134197 Note: Batty, David G [corrected to Batty, G David]; PMID: 26208094].” PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 10(5): e0119970.

2) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., Cooper, S. A., Deary, I. J., Der, G., McEwen, B. S., et al. (2015). “Reaction time in adolescence, cumulative allostatic load, and symptoms of anxiety and depression in adulthood: the West of Scotland Twenty-07 Study.” Psychosomatic Medicine 77(5): 493-505.

3) Gale, C. R., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2015). “Prevalence of frailty and disability: findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Age & Ageing 44(1): 162-165.

4) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Wardle, J., Zaninotto, P. and Batty, G. D. (2015). “Cognitive ability and personality as predictors of participation in a national colorectal cancer screening programme: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 69(6): 530-535.

5) Gale, C. R., Eadie, E., Thomas, A., Bastin, M. E., Starr, J. M., Wardlaw, J., et al. (2015). “Intelligence in childhood and atherosclerosis of the carotid and peripheral arteries in later life: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936.” PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 10(4): e0125280.

6) Lillycrop, K. A., Costello, P. M., Teh, A. L., Murray, R. J., Clarke-Harris, R., Barton, S. J., et al. (2015). “Association between perinatal methylation of the neuronal differentiation regulator HES1 and later childhood neurocognitive function and behaviour.” International Journal of Epidemiology 44(4): 1263-1276.

7) Palmer, K. T., Walker-Bone, K., Harris, E. C., Linaker, C., D’Angelo, S., Sayer, A. A., et al. (2015). “Health and Employment after Fifty (HEAF): a new prospective cohort study.” BMC Public Health 15(1): 1071.

8) Stafford, M., Gale, C. R., Mishra, G., Richards, M., Black, S. and Kuh, D. L. (2015). “Childhood Environment and Mental Wellbeing at Age 60-64 Years: Prospective Evidence from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development.” PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 10(6): e0126683.

9) Wraw, C., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R. and Der, G. (2015). “Intelligence in youth and health at age 50.” Intelligence 53: 23-32.

2014

1) Alfred, T., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Cooper, R., Hardy, R., Cooper, C., Deary, I. J., et al. (2014). “Associations between APOE and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol genotypes and cognitive and physical capability: the HALCyon programme.” Age 36(4): 9673.

2) Allerhand, M., Gale, C. R. and Deary, I. J. (2014). “The dynamic relationship between cognitive function and positive well-being in older people: a prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Aging.” Psychology & Aging 29(2): 306-318.

3) Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Jefferis, B. and Kvaavik, E. (2014). “Passive smoking assessed by salivary cotinine and self-report in relation to cause-specific mortality: 17-year follow-up of study participants in the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey.” Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 68(12): 1200-1203.

4) Cooper, R., Stafford, M., Hardy, R., Aihie Sayer, A., Ben-Shlomo, Y., Cooper, C., et al. (2014). “Physical capability and subsequent positive mental wellbeing in older people: findings from five HALCyon cohorts.” Age 36(1): 445-456.

5) Dodds, R. M., Syddall, H. E., Cooper, R., Benzeval, M., Deary, I. J., Dennison, E. M., et al. (2014). “Grip strength across the life course: normative data from twelve British studies.[Erratum appears in J Epidemiol Community Health 2014 Nov;68(11):1108].” PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 9(12): e113637.

6) Elliott, J., Gale, C. R., Parsons, S., Kuh, D. and HALCyon Study Team (2014). “Neighbourhood cohesion and mental wellbeing among older adults: a mixed methods approach.” Social Science & Medicine 107: 44-51.

7) Gale, C. R., Allerhand, M., Sayer, A. A., Cooper, C. and Deary, I. J. (2014). “The dynamic relationship between cognitive function and walking speed: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Age 36(4): 9682.

8) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., Osborn, D. P., Tynelius, P. and Rasmussen, F. (2014). “Mental disorders across the adult life course and future coronary heart disease: evidence for general susceptibility.[Erratum appears in Circulation. 2015 May 19;131(20):e501; PMID: 25986454].” Circulation 129(2): 186-193.

9) Gale, C. R., Cooper, C., Deary, I. J. and Aihie Sayer, A. (2014). “Psychological well-being and incident frailty in men and women: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Psychological Medicine 44(4): 697-706.

10) Gale, C. R., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2014). “Framingham cardiovascular disease risk scores and incident frailty: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Age 36(4): 9692.

11) Parsons, S., Gale, C. R., Kuh, D. and Elliott, J. (2014). “Physical capability and the advantages and disadvantages of ageing: perceptions of older age by men and women in two British cohorts.” Ageing and Society 34: 452-471.

12) White, J., Mortensen, L. H., Kivimaki, M., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2014). “Interarm differences in systolic blood pressure and mortality among US army veterans: aetiological associations and risk prediction in the Vietnam Experience Study.” European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 21(11): 1394-1400.

2013

1) Baylis, D., Bartlett, D. B., Syddall, H. E., Ntani, G., Gale, C. R., Cooper, C., et al. (2013). “Immune-endocrine biomarkers as predictors of frailty and mortality: a 10-year longitudinal study in community-dwelling older people.” Age (Dordr.) 35: 963-971.

2) Bouillon, K., Kivimaki, M., Hamer, M., Sabia, S., Fransson, E. I., Singh-Manoux, A., et al. (2013). “Measures of frailty in population-based studies: an overview.” BMC Geriatr. 13: 64.

3) Bouillon, K., Sabia, S., Jokela, M., Gale, C. R., Singh-Manoux, A., Shipley, M. J., et al. (2013). “Validating a widely used measure of frailty: are all sub-components necessary? Evidence from the Whitehall II cohort study.” Age (Dordr.) 35: 1457-1465.

4) Deary, I. J., Watson, R., Booth, T. and Gale, C. R. (2013). “Does cognitive ability influence responses to the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale?” Psychol.Assess. 25: 313-318.

5) Gale, C., Deary, I. J., Cooper, C. and Batty, G. D. (2013). “Response to letter by Bailey and Schinkel.” Pain 154: 2238.

6) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., McIntosh, A. M., Porteous, D. J., Deary, I. J. and Rasmussen, F. (2013). “Is bipolar disorder more common in highly intelligent people? A cohort study of a million men.” Mol.Psychiatry 18: 190-194.

7) Gale, C. R., Baylis, D., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2013). “Inflammatory markers and incident frailty in men and women: the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Age (Dordr.) 35: 2493-2501.

8) Gale, C. R., Booth, T., Mottus, R., Kuh, D. and Deary, I. J. (2013). “Neuroticism and Extraversion in youth predict mental wellbeing and life satisfaction 40 years later.” Journal of Research in Personality 47: 687-697.

9) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J. and Stafford, M. (2013). A life course approach to psychological and social wellbeing. A life course approach to healthy ageing. D. Kuh, R. Cooper, R. Hardy, M. Richards and Y. Ben-Shlomo. Oxford, Oxford University Press: 46-64.

10) Roberts, B. A., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Parker, L. and Pearce, M. S. (2013). “IQ in childhood and atherosclerosis in middle-age: 40 Year follow-up of the Newcastle Thousand Families Cohort Study.” Atherosclerosis 231: 234-237.

11) Weiss, A., Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. J. (2013). “A questionnaire-wide association study of personality and mortality: The Vietnam Experience Study.” J.Psychosom.Res. 74: 523-529.

12) Whitley, E., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Kivimaki, M., Singh-Manoux, A. and Batty, G. D. (2013). “Influence of maternal and paternal IQ on offspring health and health behaviours: Evidence for some trans-generational associations using the 1958 British birth cohort study.” Eur.Psychiatry 28: 219-224.

2012

1) Batty, G. D., Whitley, E., Gale, C. R., Osborn, D., Tynelius, P. and Rasmussen, F. (2012). “Impact of mental health problems on case fatality in male cancer patients.” Br.J.Cancer 106: 1842-1845.

2) Gale, C. R., Allerhand, M., Deary, I. J. and Team, H. S. (2012). “Is there a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive ability in older people? A prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.” Psychological Medicine 42(10): 2057-2069.

3) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., Osborn, D. P., Tynelius, P., Whitley, E. and Rasmussen, F. (2012). “Association of mental disorders in early adulthood and later psychiatric hospital admissions and mortality in a cohort study of more than 1 million men.” Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 69: 823-831.

4) Gale, C. R., Cooper, R., Craig, L., Elliott, J., Kuh, D., Richards, M., et al. (2012). “Cognitive function in childhood and lifetime cognitive change in relation to mental wellbeing in four cohorts of older people.” PLoS.One. 7: e44860.

5) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Cooper, C. and Batty, G. D. (2012). “Intelligence in childhood and chronic widespread pain in middle age: The National Child Development Survey.” Pain 153: 2339-2344.

6) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Fowkes, F. G. and Batty, G. D. (2012). “Intelligence in early adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged men: the Vietnam Experience Study.” J.Epidemiol.Community Health 66: e13.

7) Gale, C. R., Dennison, E. M., Edwards, M., Sayer, A. A. and Cooper, C. (2012). “Symptoms of anxiety or depression and risk of fracture in older people: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study.” Arch.Osteoporos. 7: 59-65.

8) Gale, C. R., Syddall, H. E., Bergman, H., Brunner, E. J., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2012). “Close relationships and risk of frailty: the hertfordshire cohort study.” J.Am.Geriatr.Soc. 60: 390-392.

9) Harvey, N. C., Lillycrop, K. A., Garratt, E., Sheppard, A., McLean, C., Burdge, G., et al. (2012). “Evaluation of methylation status of the eNOS promoter at birth in relation to childhood bone mineral content.” Calcif.Tissue Int. 90: 120-127.

10) Kuh, D., Cooper, R., Richards, M., Gale, C., von, Z. T. and Guralnik, J. (2012). “A life course approach to healthy ageing: the HALCyon programme.” Public Health 126: 193-195.

11) Mottus, R., Gale, C. R., Starr, J. M. and Deary, I. J. (2012). “‘On the street where you live’: Neighbourhood deprivation and quality of life among community-dwelling older people in Edinburgh, Scotland.” Soc.Sci.Med. 74: 1368-1374.

12) Phillips, A. C., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2012). “Sex hormones and cause-specific mortality in the male veterans: the Vietnam Experience Study.” QJM. 105: 241-246.

13) Verschuur, C. A., Dowell, A., Syddall, H. E., Ntani, G., Simmonds, S. J., Baylis, D., et al. (2012). “Markers of inflammatory status are associated with hearing threshold in older people: findings from the Hertfordshire ageing study.” Age Ageing 41: 92-97.

14) White, J. W., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2012). “Intelligence quotient in childhood and the risk of illegal drug use in middle-age: the 1958 National Child Development Survey.” Ann.Epidemiol. 22: 654-657.

15) Whitley, E., Batty, G. D., Mulheran, P. A., Gale, C. R., Osborn, D. P., Tynelius, P., et al. (2012). “Psychiatric disorder as a risk factor for cancer: different analytic strategies produce different findings.” Epidemiology 23: 543-550.

2011

1) Carroll, D., Phillips, A. C., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2011). “Generalized Anxiety Disorder is Associated With Reduced Lung Function in the Vietnam Experience Study.” Psychosom.Med. 73: 716-720.

2) Cooper, R., Kuh, D., Cooper, C., Gale, C. R., Lawlor, D. A., Matthews, F., et al. (2011). “Objective measures of physical capability and subsequent health: a systematic review.” Age Ageing 40: 14-23.

3) Gale, C. R., Dennison, E. M., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2011). “Neighbourhood environment and positive mental health in older people: The Hertfordshire Cohort Study.” Health Place. 17: 867-874.

4) Gale, C. R., Sayer, A. A., Cooper, C., Dennison, E. M., Starr, J. M., Whalley, L. J., et al. (2011). “Factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in five cohorts of community-based older people: the HALCyon (Healthy Ageing across the Life Course) Programme.” Psychol.Med. 41: 2057-2073.

5) Godfrey, K. M., Sheppard, A., Gluckman, P. D., Lillycrop, K. A., Burdge, G. C., McLean, C., et al. (2011). “Epigenetic Gene Promoter Methylation at Birth Is Associated With Child’s Later Adiposity.” Diabetes 60: 1528-1534.

6) Mishra, G. D., Gale, C. R., Sayer, A. A., Cooper, C., Dennison, E. M., Whalley, L. J., et al. (2011). “How useful are the SF-36 sub-scales in older people? Mokken scaling of data from the HALCyon programme.” Qual.Life Res. 20: 1005-1010.

7) Phillips, A. C., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Lord, J. M., Arlt, W. and Carroll, D. (2011). “Major depressive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, and their comorbidity: Associations with cortisol in the Vietnam Experience Study.” Psychoneuroendocrinology 36: 682-690.

8) Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Gale, C. R., Drayson, M. and Batty, G. D. (2011). “Lymphocyte cell counts in middle age are positively associated with subsequent all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.” QJM 104: 319-324.

9) Whitley, E., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Kivimaki, M. and Batty, G. D. (2011). “Association of Maternal and Paternal IQ With Offspring Conduct, Emotional, and Attention Problem Scores: Transgenerational Evidence From the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study.” Arch.Gen.Psychiatry 68: 1032-1038.

2010

1) Batty, G. D., Whitley, E., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R., Tynelius, P. and Rasmussen, F. (2010). “Psychosis alters association between IQ and future risk of attempted suicide: cohort study of 1,109,475 Swedish men.” BMJ 340: c2506.

2) Carroll, D., Phillips, A. C., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “Generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders, their comorbidity and hypertension in middle-aged men.” Psychosom.Med. 72: 16-19.

3) Cooper, R., Kuh, D., Hardy, R. and Mortality Review Group (including Cooper, C., Aihie Sayer,A.,Gale,C.R.,Syddall,H.E.) (2010). “Objectively measured physical capability levels and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis.” BMJ 341: c4467.

4) Gale, C. R., Allerhand, M., Sayer, A. A., Cooper, C., Dennison, E. M., Starr, J. M., et al. (2010). “The structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in four cohorts of community-based, healthy older people: the HALCyon program.” Int Psychogeriatr. 22: 559-571.

5) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., Tynelius, P., Deary, I. J. and Rasmussen, F. (2010). “Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent hospitalization for mental disorders.” Epidemiology 21: 70-77.

6) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Kuh, D., Huppert, F. and Richards, M. (2010). “Neuroticism in adolescence and cognitive function in midlife in the British 1946 birth cohort: The HALCyon program.” J Gerontol.B Psychol.Sci.Soc.Sci. 65B: 50-56.

7) Gale, C. R., Kivimaki, M., Lawlor, D. A., Carroll, D., Phillips, A. C. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “Fasting glucose, diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and depression: the Vietnam experience study.” Biol.Psychiatry 67: 189-192.

8) Gale, C. R., Marriott, L. D., Martyn, C. N., Limond, J., Inskip, H. M., Godfrey, K. M., et al. (2010). “Breastfeeding, the use of docosahexaenoic acid-fortified formulas in infancy and neuropsychological function in childhood.” Arch.Dis.Child 95: 174-179.

9) Kvaavik, E., Batty, G. D., Ursin, G., Huxley, R. and Gale, C. R. (2010). “Influence of individual and combined health behaviors on total and cause-specific mortality in men and women: the United Kingdom health and lifestyle survey.” Arch.Intern.Med. 170: 711-718.

10) Phillips, A. C., Batty, G. D., Weiss, A., Deary, I., Gale, C. R., Thomas, G. N., et al. (2010). “Neuroticism, cognitive ability, and the metabolic syndrome: The Vietnam Experience Study.” J Psychosom.Res. 69: 193-201.

11) Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Gale, C. R., Drayson, M., Thomas, G. N. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “Lymphocyte sub-population cell counts are associated with the metabolic syndrome and its components in the Vietnam Experience Study.” Atherosclerosis 213: 294-298.

12) Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Gale, C. R., Lord, J. M., Arlt, W. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “Cortisol, DHEAS, their ratio and the metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Vietnam Experience Study.” Eur.J Endocrinol. 162: 919-923.

13) Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Gale, C. R., Lord, J. M., Arlt, W. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “Cortisol, DHEA sulphate, their ratio, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Vietnam Experience Study.” Eur.J Endocrinol. 163: 285-292.

14) Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Thomas, G. N., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “The influence of multiple indices of socioeconomic disadvantage across the adult life course on the metabolic syndrome: the Vietnam Experience Study.” Metabolism 59: 1164-1171.

15) Schlotz, W., Jones, A., Phillips, D. I., Gale, C. R., Robinson, S. M. and Godfrey, K. M. (2010). “Lower maternal folate status in early pregnancy is associated with childhood hyperactivity and peer problems in offspring.” J Child Psychol.Psychiatry 51: 594-602.

16) Schoon, I., Cheng, H., Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. (2010). “Social status, cognitive ability, and educational attainment as predictors of liberal social attitudes and political trust.” Intelligence 38(1): 144-150.

17) Thomas, G. N., Phillips, A. C., Carroll, D., Gale, C. R. and Batty, G. D. (2010). “The metabolic syndrome adds utility to the prediction of mortality over its components: The Vietnam Experience Study.” Atherosclerosis 210: 256-261.

18) Whitley, E., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Tynelius, P. and Rasmussen, F. (2010). “Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent risk of assault: cohort study of 1,120,998 Swedish men.” Psychosom.Med. 72: 390-396.

19) Whitley, E., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Tynelius, P. and Rasmussen, F. (2010). “Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent risk of unintentional injury over two decades: cohort study of 1 109 475 Swedish men.” J Epidemiol.Community Health 64: 419-425.

2009

1) Alves, J. G., Gale, C. R., Mutrie, N., Correia, J. B. and Batty, G. D. (2009). “A 6-month exercise intervention among inactive and overweight favela-residing women in Brazil: the Caranguejo Exercise Trial.” Am J Public Health 99: 76-80.

2) Batty, G. D. and Gale, C. R. (2009). “Impact of resurvey non-response on the associations between baseline risk factors and cardiovascular disease mortality: prospective cohort study.” J Epidemiol.Community Health 63: 952-955.

3) Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Tynelius, P., Deary, I. J. and Rasmussen, F. (2009). “IQ in early adulthood, socioeconomic position, and unintentional injury mortality by middle age: a cohort study of more than 1 million Swedish men.” Am J Epidemiol 169(5): 606-615.

4) Batty, G. D., Hunt, K., Emslie, C., Lewars, H. and Gale, C. R. (2009). “Alcohol problems and all-cause mortality in men and women: Predictive capacity of a clinical screening tool in a 21-year follow-up of a large, UK-wide, general population-based survey.” J.Psychosom.Res. 66: 317-321.

5) Batty, G. D., Lewars, H., Emslie, C., Gale, C. R. and Hunt, K. (2009). “Internationally recognized guidelines for ‘sensible’ alcohol consumption: is exceeding them actually detrimental to health and social circumstances? Evidence from a population-based cohort study.” J.Public Health (Oxf) 31: 360-365.

6) Batty, G. D., Mortensen, L. H., Gale, C. R., Shipley, M. J., Roberts, B. A. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age, and later cancer mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study.” Psychooncology. 18: 1122-1126.

7) Carroll, D., Phillips, A. C., Thomas, G. N., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. and Batty, G. D. (2009). “Generalized anxiety disorder is associated with metabolic syndrome in the Vietnam experience study.” Biol.Psychiatry 66: 91-93.

8) Cole, Z. A., Gale, C. R., Javaid, M. K., Robinson, S. M., Law, C., Boucher, B. J., et al. (2009). “Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and childhood bone mass: a longitudinal study.” J.Bone Miner.Res. 24: 663-668.

9) Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R., Stewart, M. C., Fowkes, F. G., Murray, G. D., Batty, G. D., et al. (2009). “Intelligence and persisting with medication for two years: Analysis in a randomised controlled trial.” Intelligence. 37: 607-612.

10) Dykiert, D., Gale, C. R. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Are apparent sex differences in mean IQ scores created in part by sample restriction and increased male variance?” Intelligence 37(1): 42-47.

11) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D., Cooper, C. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Psychomotor coordination and intelligence in childhood and health in adulthood–testing the system integrity hypothesis.” Psychosom.Med. 71: 675-681.

12) Gale, C. R., Hatch, S. L., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Intelligence in childhood and risk of psychological distress in adulthood: the 1958 National Child Development Survey and the 1970 British Cohort Study.” Intelligence 37: 592-599.

13) Gale, C. R., Martyn, C. N., Marriott, L. D., Limond, J., Crozier, S., Inskip, H. M., et al. (2009). “Dietary patterns in infancy and cognitive and neuropsychological function in childhood.” J.Child Psychol.Psychiatry 50: 816-823.

14) Gale, C. R., Wilson, J. A. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Globus sensation and psychopathology in men: the Vietnam experience study.” Psychosom.Med. 71: 1026-1031.

15) Hall, N. F., Gale, C. R., Ye, S. and Martyn, C. N. (2009). “Myopia and polymorphisms in genes for matrix metalloproteinases.” Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci. 50: 2632-2636.

16) Harvey, N. C., Robinson, S. M., Crozier, S. R., Marriott, L. D., Gale, C. R., Cole, Z. A., et al. (2009). “Breast-feeding and adherence to infant feeding guidelines do not influence bone mass at age 4 years.” Br.J.Nutr. 102: 915-920.

17) Jokela, M., Batty, G. D., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R. and Kivimaki, M. (2009). “Low childhood IQ and early adult mortality: the role of explanatory factors in the 1958 British Birth Cohort.” Pediatrics 124: e380-e388.

18) Madhyastha, T. M., Hunt, E., Deary, I. J., Gale, C. R. and Dykiert, D. (2009). “Recruitment modelling applied to longitudinal studies of group differences in intelligence.” Intelligence 37: 422-427.

19) Phillips, A. C., Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Osborn, D., MacIntyre, K., et al. (2009). “Generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and their comorbidity as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: the Vietnam experience study.” Psychosom.Med. 71: 395-403.

20) Richards, M., Black, S., Mishra, G., Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J. and Batty, G. D. (2009). “IQ in childhood and the metabolic syndrome in middle age: extended follow-up of the 1946 British Birth Cohort Study.” Intelligence 37: 567-572.

21) Robinson, S. M., Marriott, L. D., Crozier, S. R., Harvey, N. C., Gale, C. R., Inskip, H. M., et al. (2009). “Variations in infant feeding practice are associated with body composition in childhood: a prospective cohort study.” J.Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 94: 2799-2805.

22) Von Stumm, S., Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Childhood Intelligence, Locus of Control and Behaviour Disturbance as Determinants of Intergenerational Social Mobility: British Cohort Study 1970.” Intelligence 37: 329-340.

23) Weiss, A., Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. J. (2009). “Emotionally stable, intelligent men live longer: the Vietnam experience study cohort.” Psychosom.Med. 71: 385-394.

2008

1) Alves, J. G., Gale, C. R., Souza, E. and Batty, G. D. (2008). “[Effect of physical exercise on bodyweight in overweight children: a randomized controlled trial in a Brazilian slum].” Cad.Saude Publica 24 Suppl 2: S353-S359.

2) Batty, G. D., Deary, I. J., Schoon, I., Emslie, C., Hunt, K. and Gale, C. R. (2008). “Childhood mental ability and adult alcohol intake and alcohol problems: the 1970 British cohort study.” Am J Public Health 98: 2237-2243.

3) Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “Cognitive function in children and subsequent type 2 diabetes: response to Ollson, Hulting, and Montgomery.” Diabetes Care 31: e59.

4) Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Mortensen, L. H., Langenberg, C., Shipley, M. J. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “Pre-morbid intelligence, the metabolic syndrome and mortality: the Vietnam Experience Study.” Diabetologia 51(3): 436-443.

5) Batty, G. D., Mortensen, L. H., Gale, C. R. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “Is low IQ related to risk of death by homicide? Testing a hypothesis using data from the Vietnam Experience Study.” Psychiatry Res. 161: 112-115.

6) Batty, G. D., Shipley, M. J., Gale, C. R., Mortensen, L. H. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “Does IQ predict total and cardiovascular disease mortality as strongly as other risk factors? Comparison of effect estimates using the Vietnam Experience Study.” Heart 94: 1541-1544.

7) Batty, G. D., Shipley, M. J., Mortensen, L. H., Boyle, S. H., Barefoot, J., Gronbaek, M., et al. (2008). “IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age and later all-cause mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study.” J Epidemiol Community Health 62(6): 522-531.

8) Batty, G. D., Shipley, M. J., Mortensen, L. H., Gale, C. R. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle-age and later coronary heart disease mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study.” Eur.J Cardiovasc.Prev.Rehabil. 15: 359-361.

9) Batty, G. D., Smith, G. D., Cooper, C. and Gale, C. R. (2008). “Diarrhoea in childhood and cause-specific mortality in older age: analyses of 5642 deaths in 33,261 individuals from the Hertfordshire studies.” Eur.J Cardiovasc.Prev.Rehabil. 15: 494-496.

10) Deary, I. J., Batty, G. D. and Gale, C. R. (2008). “Bright children become enlightened adults.” Psychol Sci 19(1): 1-6.

11) Deary, I. J., Batty, G. D. and Gale, C. R. (2008). “Childhood intelligence predicts voter turnout, voting preferences, and political involvement in adulthood: The 1970 British Cohort Study.” Intelligence 36(6): 548-555.

12) Deary, I. J., Batty, G. D., Pattie, A. and Gale, C. R. (2008). “More intelligent, more dependable children live longer: a 55-year longitudinal study of a representative sample of the Scottish nation.” Psychol Sci 19: 874-880.

13) Gale, C. R. (2008). “Reduced gestational age associated with an increased likelihood of depression in later life.” Evid.Based.Ment.Health 11(1): 30.

14) Gale, C. R., Batty, G. D. and Deary, I. J. (2008). “Locus of control at age 10 years and health outcomes and behaviors at age 30 years: the 1970 British Cohort Study.” Psychosom.Med 70(4): 397-403.

15) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J. and Batty, G. D. (2008). “Intelligence and carotid atherosclerosis in older people: cross-sectional study.” J Am Geriatr.Soc. 56(4): 769-771.

16) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Boyle, S. H., Barefoot, J., Mortensen, L. H. and Batty, G. D. (2008). “Cognitive ability in early adulthood and risk of 5 specific psychiatric disorders in middle age: the Vietnam experience study.” Arch Gen.Psychiatry 65: 1410-1418.

17) Gale, C. R., Robinson, S. M., Godfrey, K. M., Law, C. M., Schlotz, W. and O’Callaghan, F. J. (2008). “Oily fish intake during pregnancy–association with lower hyperactivity but not with higher full-scale IQ in offspring.” J Child Psychol Psychiatry 49: 1061-1068.

18) Gale, C. R., Robinson, S. M., Harvey, N. C., Javaid, M. K., Jiang, B., Martyn, C. N., et al. (2008). “Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and child outcomes.” Eur.J Clin.Nutr. 62(1): 68-77.

2007

1) Batty, G. D., Deary, I. J., Schoon, I. and Gale, C. R. (2007). “Childhood mental ability in relation to food intake and physical activity in adulthood: the 1970 British Cohort Study.” Pediatrics 119: e38-e45.

2) Batty, G. D., Deary, I. J., Schoon, I. and Gale, C. R. (2007). “Mental ability across childhood in relation to risk factors for premature mortality in adult life: the 1970 British Cohort Study.” J Epidemiol Community Health 61(11): 997-1003.

3) Batty, G. D., Deary, I. J., Schoon, I. and Gale, C. R. (2007). “Childhood mental ability in relation to cause-specific accidents in adulthood: the 1970 British Cohort Study.” QJM. 100(7): 405-414.

4) Batty, G. D., Gale, C. R., Chandola, T. and Deary, I. J. (2007). Early life IQ, risk factors, and later cardiovascular disease: new data from the 1958 British Birth Cohort and a systematic review. Prevention of adult chronic diseases in infancy and adolescence. J. G. Alves and M. Campaio-Carneiro. Rio de Janeiro, Medbook.

5) Batty, G. D., Smith, G. D., Fall, C. H., Sayer, A. A., Dennison, E., Cooper, C., et al. (2007). “Association of diarrhoea in childhood with blood pressure and coronary heart disease in older age: analyses of two UK cohort studies.” Int.J Epidemiol 36(6): 1349-1355.

6) Gale, C. R., Deary, I. J., Schoon, I. and Batty, G. D. (2007). “IQ in childhood and vegetarianism in adulthood: 1970 British cohort study.” BMJ 334: 245.

7) Gale, C. R., Javaid, M. K., Robinson, S. M., Law, C. M., Godfrey, K. M. and Cooper, C. (2007). “Maternal size in pregnancy and body composition in children.” J Clin.Endocrinol.Metab 92(10): 3904-3911.

8) Gale, C. R., Martyn, C. N., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2007). “Grip strength, body composition, and mortality.” Int.J Epidemiol. 36(1): 228-235.

9) Pain, H., Gale, C. R., Watson, C., Cox, V., Cooper, C. and Sayer, A. A. (2007). “Readiness of elders to use assistive devices to maintain their independence in the home.” Age Ageing 36(4): 465-467.

2006

1) Cooper, C., Javaid, M., Gale, C., Dennison, E. and Godfrey, K. (2006). “Maternal vitamin D status and childhood bone mass – Authors’ reply.” Lancet 367: 1317.

2) Gale, C. R., Jiang, B., Robinson, S. M., Godfrey, K. M., Law, C. M. and Martyn, C. N. (2006). “Maternal diet during pregnancy and carotid intima-media thickness in children.” Arterioscler.Thromb.Vasc.Biol. 26: 1877-1882.

3) Gale, C. R., O’Callaghan, F. J., Bredow, M. and Martyn, C. N. (2006). “The influence of head growth in fetal life, infancy, and childhood on intelligence at the ages of 4 and 8 years.” Pediatrics 118: 1486-1492.

4) Javaid, M. K., Crozier, S. R., Harvey, N. C., Gale, C. R., Dennison, E. M., Boucher, B. J., et al. (2006). “Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and childhood bone mass at age 9 years: a longitudinal study.” Lancet 367: 36-43.

5) Jiang, B., Godfrey, K. M., Martyn, C. N. and Gale, C. R. (2006). “Birth weight and cardiac structure in children.” Pediatrics 117: e257-e261.

2005

1) Gale, C. (2005). “Height and intelligence.” Int J Epidemiol 34: 678-679.

2) Mosedale, D. E., Smith, D. J., Aitken, S., Schofield, P. M., Clarke, S. C., McNab, D., et al. (2005). “Circulating levels of MCP-1 and eotaxin are not associated with presence of atherosclerosis or previous myocardial infarction.” Atherosclerosis 183: 268-274.

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