Related Publications:
2013
Gale CR;Batty GD;McIntosh AM;Porteous DJ;Deary IJ;Rasmussen F. Is bipolar disorder more common in highly intelligent people? A cohort study of a million men. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:190-194.
2012
Batty GD;Whitley E;Gale CR;Osborn D;Tynelius P;Rasmussen F. Impact of mental health problems on case fatality in male cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:1842-1845.
Gale CR;Syddall HE;Bergman H;Brunner EJ;Cooper C;Sayer AA. Close relationships and risk of frailty: the hertfordshire cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012; 60:390-392.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Fowkes FG;Batty GD. Intelligence in early adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged men: the Vietnam Experience Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2012; 66:e13-.
Gale CR;Batty GD;Osborn DP;Tynelius P;Whitley E;Rasmussen F. Association of mental disorders in early adulthood and later psychiatric hospital admissions and mortality in a cohort study of more than 1 million men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012; 69:823-831.
Gale CR;Cooper R;Craig L;Elliott J;Kuh D;Richards M;Starr JM;Whalley LJ;Deary IJ. Cognitive function in childhood and lifetime cognitive change in relation to mental wellbeing in four cohorts of older people. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44860-.
Gale CR;Allerhand M;Deary IJ;HALCyon Study Team. Is there a bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive ability in older people? A prospective study using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Psychological Medicine 2012; 42(10):2057-2069.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Cooper C;Batty GD. Intelligence in childhood and chronic widespread pain in middle age: The National Child Development Survey. Pain 2012; 153:2339-2344.
Gale CR;Dennison EM;Edwards M;Sayer AA;Cooper C. Symptoms of anxiety or depression and risk of fracture in older people: the Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Arch Osteoporos 2012; 7:59-65.
Harvey NC;Lillycrop KA;Garratt E;Sheppard A;McLean C;Burdge G et al. Evaluation of methylation status of the eNOS promoter at birth in relation to childhood bone mineral content. Calcif Tissue Int 2012; 90:120-127.
Kuh D;Cooper R;Richards M;Gale C;von ZT;Guralnik J. A life course approach to healthy ageing: the HALCyon programme. Public Health 2012; 126:193-195.
Mottus R;Gale CR;Starr JM;Deary IJ. 'On the street where you live': Neighbourhood deprivation and quality of life among community-dwelling older people in Edinburgh, Scotland. Soc Sci Med 2012; 74:1368-1374.
Nightingale CM;Krishnaveni GV;Rudnicka AR;Owen CG;Veena SR;Hill JC;Cook DG;Fall CH;Whincup PH. Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Indian Children: Comparison with UK Indian and White European Children. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36236-.
Phillips AC;Gale CR;Batty GD. Sex hormones and cause-specific mortality in the male veterans: the Vietnam Experience Study. QJM 2012; 105:241-246.
Verschuur CA;Dowell A;Syddall HE;Ntani G;Simmonds SJ;Baylis D;Gale CR;Walsh B;Cooper C;Lord JM;Aihie SA. Markers of inflammatory status are associated with hearing threshold in older people: findings from the Hertfordshire ageing study. Age and Ageing 2012; 41:92-97.
White JW;Gale CR;Batty GD. Intelligence quotient in childhood and the risk of illegal drug use in middle-age: the 1958 National Child Development Survey. Ann Epidemiol 2012; 22:654-657.
Whitley E;Batty GD;Mulheran PA;Gale CR;Osborn DP;Tynelius P;Rasmussen F. Psychiatric disorder as a risk factor for cancer: different analytic strategies produce different findings. Epidemiology 2012; 23:543-550.
Wills AK;Lawlor DA;Muniz-Terrera G;Matthews F;Cooper R;Ghosh AK;Kuh D;Hardy R;including Cooper C;including Aihie Sayer A. Population heterogeneity in trajectories of midlife blood pressure. Epidemiology 2012; 23:203-211.
2011
Carroll D;Phillips AC;Gale CR;Batty GD. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is Associated With Reduced Lung Function in the Vietnam Experience Study. Psychosom Med 2011; 73:716-720.
Cooper R;Kuh D;Cooper C;Gale CR;Lawlor DA;Matthews F;Hardy R;including Aihie Sayer A. Objective measures of physical capability and subsequent health: a systematic review. Age and Ageing 2011; 40:14-23.
Gale CR;Sayer AA;Cooper C;Dennison EM;Starr JM;Whalley LJ;Gallacher JE;Ben-Shlomo Y;Kuh D;Hardy R;Craig L;Deary IJ. Factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression in five cohorts of community-based older people: the HALCyon (Healthy Ageing across the Life Course) Programme. Psychol Med 2011; 41:2057-2073.
Gale CR;Dennison EM;Cooper C;Sayer AA. Neighbourhood environment and positive mental health in older people: The Hertfordshire Cohort Study. Health Place 2011; 17:867-874.
Godfrey KM;Sheppard A;Gluckman PD;Lillycrop KA;Burdge GC;McLean C et al. Epigenetic Gene Promoter Methylation at Birth Is Associated With Child's Later Adiposity. Diabetes 2011; 60:1528-1534.
Mishra GD;Gale CR;Sayer AA;Cooper C;Dennison EM;Whalley LJ;Craig L;Kuh D;Deary IJ. How useful are the SF-36 sub-scales in older people? Mokken scaling of data from the HALCyon programme. Qual Life Res 2011; 20:1005-1010.
Phillips AC;Carroll D;Gale CR;Drayson M;Batty GD. Lymphocyte cell counts in middle age are positively associated with subsequent all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. QJM: monthly journal of the Association of Physicians 2011; 104:319-324.
Phillips AC;Batty GD;Gale CR;Lord JM;Arlt W;Carroll D. Major depressive disorder, generalised anxiety disorder, and their comorbidity: Associations with cortisol in the Vietnam Experience Study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2011; 36:682-690.
Whitley E;Gale CR;Deary IJ;Kivimaki M;Batty GD. Association of Maternal and Paternal IQ With Offspring Conduct, Emotional, and Attention Problem Scores: Transgenerational Evidence From the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2011; 68:1032-1038.
2010
Batty GD;Whitley E;Deary IJ;Gale CR;Tynelius P;Rasmussen F. Psychosis alters association between IQ and future risk of attempted suicide: cohort study of 1,109,475 Swedish men. British Medical Journal 2010; 340:c2506-.
Carroll D;Phillips AC;Gale CR;Batty GD. Generalized anxiety and major depressive disorders, their comorbidity and hypertension in middle-aged men. Psychosom Med 2010; 72:16-19.
Cooper R;Kuh D;Hardy R;including Cooper C;including Aihie Sayer A;including Gale CR;including Syddall HE. Objectively measured physical capability levels and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. British Medical Journal 2010; 341:c4467-.
Gale CR;Kivimaki M;Lawlor DA;Carroll D;Phillips AC;Batty GD. Fasting glucose, diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and depression: the Vietnam experience study. Biol Psychiatry 2010; 67:189-192.
Gale CR;Batty GD;Tynelius P;Deary IJ;Rasmussen F. Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent hospitalization for mental disorders. Epidemiology 2010; 21:70-77.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Kuh D;Huppert F;Richards M. Neuroticism in adolescence and cognitive function in midlife in the British 1946 birth cohort: The HALCyon program. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2010; 65B:50-56.
Gale CR;Allerhand M;Sayer AA;Cooper C;Dennison EM;Starr JM;Ben-Shlomo Y;Gallacher JE;Kuh D;Deary IJ. The structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in four cohorts of community-based, healthy older people: the HALCyon program. Int Psychogeriatr 2010; 22:559-571.
Gale CR;Marriott LD;Martyn CN;Limond J;Inskip HM;Godfrey KM;Law CM;Cooper C;West C;Robinson SM. Breastfeeding, the use of docosahexaenoic acid-fortified formulas in infancy and neuropsychological function in childhood. Arch Dis Child 2010; 95:174-179.
Kvaavik E;Batty GD;Ursin G;Huxley R;Gale CR. Influence of individual and combined health behaviors on total and cause-specific mortality in men and women: the United Kingdom health and lifestyle survey. Arch Intern Med 2010; 170:711-718.
Phillips AC;Carroll D;Gale CR;Lord JM;Arlt W;Batty GD. Cortisol, DHEAS, their ratio and the metabolic syndrome: evidence from the Vietnam Experience Study. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 162:919-923.
Phillips AC;Batty GD;Weiss A;Deary I;Gale CR;Thomas GN;Carroll D. Neuroticism, cognitive ability, and the metabolic syndrome: The Vietnam Experience Study. J Psychosom Res 2010; 69:193-201.
Phillips AC;Carroll D;Thomas GN;Gale CR;Deary I;Batty GD. The influence of multiple indices of socioeconomic disadvantage across the adult life course on the metabolic syndrome: the Vietnam Experience Study. Metabolism 2010; 59:1164-1171.
Phillips AC;Carroll D;Gale CR;Drayson M;Thomas GN;Batty GD. Lymphocyte sub-population cell counts are associated with the metabolic syndrome and its components in the Vietnam Experience Study. Atherosclerosis 2010; 213:294-298.
Phillips AC;Carroll D;Gale CR;Lord JM;Arlt W;Batty GD. Cortisol, DHEA sulphate, their ratio, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Vietnam Experience Study. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 163:285-292.
Schlotz W;Jones A;Phillips DI;Gale CR;Robinson SM;Godfrey KM. Lower maternal folate status in early pregnancy is associated with childhood hyperactivity and peer problems in offspring. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2010; 51:594-602.
Schoon I;Cheng H;Gale CR;Batty GD;Deary I. Social status, cognitive ability, and educational attainment as predictors of liberal social attitudes and political trust. Intelligence 2010; 38(1):144-150.
Thomas GN;Phillips AC;Carroll D;Gale CR;Batty GD. The metabolic syndrome adds utility to the prediction of mortality over its components: The Vietnam Experience Study. Atherosclerosis 2010; 210:256-261.
Whitley E;Batty GD;Gale CR;Deary IJ;Tynelius P;Rasmussen F. Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent risk of assault: cohort study of 1,120,998 Swedish men. Psychosom Med 2010; 72:390-396.
Whitley E;Batty GD;Gale CR;Deary IJ;Tynelius P;Rasmussen F. Intelligence in early adulthood and subsequent risk of unintentional injury over two decades: cohort study of 1 109 475 Swedish men. J Epidemiol Community Health 2010; 64:419-425.
2009
Alves JG;Gale CR;Mutrie N;Correia JB;Batty GD. A 6-month exercise intervention among inactive and overweight favela-residing women in Brazil: the Caranguejo Exercise Trial. Am J Public Health 2009; 99:76-80.
Batty GD;Gale CR;Tynelius P;Deary IJ;Rasmussen F. IQ in early adulthood, socioeconomic position, and unintentional injury mortality by middle age: a cohort study of more than 1 million Swedish men. American Journal of Epidemiology 2009; 169:606-615.
Batty GD;Hunt K;Emslie C;Lewars H;Gale CR. Alcohol problems and all-cause mortality in men and women: Predictive capacity of a clinical screening tool in a 21-year follow-up of a large, UK-wide, general population-based survey. J Psychosom Res 2009; 66:317-321.
Batty GD;Lewars H;Emslie C;Gale CR;Hunt K. Internationally recognized guidelines for 'sensible' alcohol consumption: is exceeding them actually detrimental to health and social circumstances? Evidence from a population-based cohort study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2009; 31:360-365.
Batty GD;Mortensen LH;Gale CR;Shipley MJ;Roberts BA;Deary IJ. IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age, and later cancer mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study. Psychooncology 2009; 18:1122-1126.
Batty GD;Gale CR. Impact of resurvey non-response on the associations between baseline risk factors and cardiovascular disease mortality: prospective cohort study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2009; 63:952-955.
Carroll D;Phillips AC;Thomas GN;Gale CR;Deary I;Batty GD. Generalized anxiety disorder is associated with metabolic syndrome in the Vietnam experience study. Biol Psychiatry 2009; 66:91-93.
Cole ZA;Gale CR;Javaid MK;Robinson SM;Law C;Boucher BJ;Crozier SR;Godfrey KM;Dennison EM;Cooper C. Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and childhood bone mass: a longitudinal study. J Bone Miner Res 2009; 24:663-668.
Deary IJ;Gale CR;Stewart MC;Fowkes FG;Murray GD;Batty GD;Price JF. Intelligence and persisting with medication for two years: Analysis in a randomised controlled trial. Intelligence 2009; 37:607-612.
Dykiert D;Gale CR;Deary IJ. Are apparent sex differences in mean IQ scores created in part by sample restriction and increased male variance?. Intelligence 2009; 37:42-47.
Gale CR;Johnson W;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Batty GD. Intelligence in girls and their subsequent smoking behaviour as mothers: the 1958 National Child Development Study and the 1970 British Cohort Study. International Journal of Epidemiology 2009; 38:173-181.
Gale CR;Martyn CN;Marriott LD;Limond J;Crozier S;Inskip HM;Godfrey KM;Law CM;Cooper C;Robinson SM. Dietary patterns in infancy and cognitive and neuropsychological function in childhood. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2009; 50:816-823.
Gale CR;Batty GD;Cooper C;Deary IJ. Psychomotor coordination and intelligence in childhood and health in adulthood--testing the system integrity hypothesis. Psychosom Med 2009; 71:675-681.
Gale CR;Wilson JA;Deary IJ. Globus sensation and psychopathology in men: the Vietnam experience study. Psychosom Med 2009; 71:1026-1031.
Gale CR;Hatch SL;Batty GD;Deary IJ. Intelligence in childhood and risk of psychological distress in adulthood: the 1958 National Child Development Survey and the 1970 British Cohort Study. Intelligence 2009; 37:592-599.
Hall NF;Gale CR;Ye S;Martyn CN. Myopia and polymorphisms in genes for matrix metalloproteinases. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50:2632-2636.
Harvey NC;Robinson SM;Crozier SR;Marriott LD;Gale CR;Cole ZA;Inskip HM;Godfrey KM;Cooper C. Breast-feeding and adherence to infant feeding guidelines do not influence bone mass at age 4 years. Br J Nutr 2009; 102:915-920.
Jokela M;Batty GD;Deary IJ;Gale CR;Kivimaki M. Low childhood IQ and early adult mortality: the role of explanatory factors in the 1958 British Birth Cohort. Pediatrics 2009; 124:e380-e388.
Madhyastha TM;Hunt E;Deary IJ;Gale CR;Dykiert D. Recruitment modelling applied to longitudinal studies of group differences in intelligence. Intelligence 2009; 37:422-427.
Phillips AC;Batty GD;Gale CR;Deary IJ;Osborn D;MacIntyre K;Carroll D. Generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, and their comorbidity as predictors of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: the Vietnam experience study. Psychosom Med 2009; 71:395-403.
Richards M;Black S;Mishra G;Gale CR;Deary IJ;Batty GD. IQ in childhood and the metabolic syndrome in middle age: extended follow-up of the 1946 British Birth Cohort Study. Intelligence 2009; 37:567-572.
Robinson SM;Marriott LD;Crozier SR;Harvey NC;Gale CR;Inskip HM;Baird J;Law CM;Godfrey KM;Cooper C. Variations in infant feeding practice are associated with body composition in childhood: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009; 94:2799-2805.
Von Stumm S;Gale CR;Batty GD;Deary IJ. Childhood Intelligence, Locus of Control and Behaviour Disturbance as Determinants of Intergenerational Social Mobility: British Cohort Study 1970. Intelligence 2009; 37:329-340.
Weiss A;Gale CR;Batty GD;Deary IJ. Emotionally stable, intelligent men live longer: the Vietnam experience study cohort. Psychosom Med 2009; 71:385-394.
2008
Alves JG;Gale CR;Souza E;Batty GD. [Effect of physical exercise on bodyweight in overweight children: a randomized controlled trial in a Brazilian slum]. Cad Saude Publica 2008; 24 Suppl 2:S353-S359.
Batty GD;Gale CR;Mortensen LH;Langenberg C;Shipley MJ;Deary IJ. Pre-morbid intelligence, the metabolic syndrome and mortality: the Vietnam Experience Study. Diabetologia 2008; 51:436-443.
Batty GD;Shipley MJ;Mortensen LH;Boyle SH;Barefoot J;Gronbaek M;Gale CR;Deary IJ. IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle age and later all-cause mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2008; 62:522-531.
Batty GD;Shipley MJ;Mortensen LH;Gale CR;Deary IJ. IQ in late adolescence/early adulthood, risk factors in middle-age and later coronary heart disease mortality in men: the Vietnam Experience Study. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2008; 15:359-361.
Batty GD;Smith GD;Cooper C;Gale CR. Diarrhoea in childhood and cause-specific mortality in older age: analyses of 5642 deaths in 33,261 individuals from the Hertfordshire studies. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2008; 15:494-496.
Batty GD;Gale CR;Deary IJ. Cognitive function in children and subsequent type 2 diabetes: response to Ollson, Hulting, and Montgomery. Diabetes Care 2008; 31:e59-.
Batty GD;Shipley MJ;Gale CR;Mortensen LH;Deary IJ. Does IQ predict total and cardiovascular disease mortality as strongly as other risk factors? Comparison of effect estimates using the Vietnam Experience Study. Heart 2008; 94:1541-1544.
Batty GD;Mortensen LH;Gale CR;Deary IJ. Is low IQ related to risk of death by homicide? Testing a hypothesis using data from the Vietnam Experience Study. Psychiatry Res 2008; 161:112-115.
Batty GD;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Emslie C;Hunt K;Gale CR. Childhood mental ability and adult alcohol intake and alcohol problems: the 1970 British cohort study. Am J Public Health 2008; 98:2237-2243.
Deary IJ;Batty GD;Pattie A;Gale CR. More intelligent, more dependable children live longer: a 55-year longitudinal study of a representative sample of the Scottish nation. Psychol Sci 2008; 19:874-880.
Deary IJ;Batty GD;Gale CR. Childhood intelligence predicts voter turnout, voting preferences, and political involvement in adulthood: The 1970 British Cohort Study. Intelligence 2008; 36:548-555.
Deary IJ;Batty GD;Gale CR. Bright children become enlightened adults. Psychol Sci 2008; 19:1-6.
Gale CR. Reduced gestational age associated with an increased likelihood of depression in later life. Evid Based Ment Health 2008; 11:30-.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Batty GD. Intelligence and carotid atherosclerosis in older people: cross-sectional study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56:769-771.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Boyle SH;Barefoot J;Mortensen LH;Batty GD. Cognitive ability in early adulthood and risk of 5 specific psychiatric disorders in middle age: the Vietnam experience study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008; 65:1410-1418.
Gale CR;Robinson SM;Godfrey KM;Law CM;Schlotz W;O'Callaghan FJ. Oily fish intake during pregnancy--association with lower hyperactivity but not with higher full-scale IQ in offspring. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2008; 49:1061-1068.
Gale CR;Robinson SM;Harvey NC;Javaid MK;Jiang B;Martyn CN;Godfrey KM;Cooper C. Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and child outcomes. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62:68-77.
Gale CR;Batty GD;Deary IJ. Locus of control at age 10 years and health outcomes and behaviors at age 30 years: the 1970 British Cohort Study. Psychosom Med 2008; 70:397-403.
2007
Batty GD;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Gale CR. Childhood mental ability in relation to cause-specific accidents in adulthood: the 1970 British Cohort Study. QJM 2007; 100:405-414.
Batty GD;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Gale CR. Childhood mental ability in relation to food intake and physical activity in adulthood: the 1970 British Cohort Study. Pediatrics 2007; 119:e38-e45.
Batty GD;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Gale CR. Mental ability across childhood in relation to risk factors for premature mortality in adult life: the 1970 British Cohort Study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2007; 61:997-1003.
Batty GD;Smith GD;Fall CH;Sayer AA;Dennison E;Cooper C;Gale CR. Association of diarrhoea in childhood with blood pressure and coronary heart disease in older age: analyses of two UK cohort studies. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36:1349-1355.
Gale CR;Javaid MK;Robinson SM;Law CM;Godfrey KM;Cooper C. Maternal size in pregnancy and body composition in children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3904-3911.
Gale CR;Deary IJ;Schoon I;Batty GD. IQ in childhood and vegetarianism in adulthood: 1970 British cohort study. British Medical Journal 2007; 334:245-.
Gale CR;Martyn CN;Cooper C;Sayer AA. Grip strength, body composition, and mortality. Int J Epidemiol 2007; 36:228-235.
Pain H;Gale CR;Watson C;Cox V;Cooper C;Sayer AA. Readiness of elders to use assistive devices to maintain their independence in the home. Age and Ageing 2007; 36:465-467.
2006
Cooper C;Javaid M;Gale C;Dennison E;Godfrey K. Maternal vitamin D status and childhood bone mass - Authors' reply. Lancet 2006; 367:1317-.
Gale CR;Jiang B;Robinson SM;Godfrey KM;Law CM;Martyn CN. Maternal diet during pregnancy and carotid intima-media thickness in children. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26:1877-1882.
Gale CR;O'Callaghan FJ;Bredow M;Martyn CN. The influence of head growth in fetal life, infancy, and childhood on intelligence at the ages of 4 and 8 years. Pediatrics 2006; 118:1486-1492.
Javaid MK;Crozier SR;Harvey NC;Gale CR;Dennison EM;Boucher BJ;Arden NK;Godfrey KM;Cooper C. Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and childhood bone mass at age 9 years: a longitudinal study. Lancet 2006; 367:36-43.
Jiang B;Godfrey KM;Martyn CN;Gale CR. Birth weight and cardiac structure in children. Pediatrics 2006; 117:e257-e261.
2005
Gale C. Height and intelligence. International Journal of Epidemiology 2005; 34:678-679.
Mosedale DE;Smith DJ;Aitken S;Schofield PM;Clarke SC;McNab D et al. Circulating levels of MCP-1 and eotaxin are not associated with presence of atherosclerosis or previous myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2005; 183:268-274.
2004
Gale CR;O'Callaghan FJ;Godfrey KM;Law CM;Martyn CN. Critical periods of brain growth and cognitive function in children. Brain 2004; 127:321-329.
Gale CR;Martyn CN. Birthweight and later risk of depression in a national birth cohort. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 184:28-33.
2003
Gale C;Martyn C. Tobacco, coffee, and Parkinson's disease. British Medical Journal 2003; 326:561-562.
Gale CR;Hall NF;Phillips DI;Martyn CN. Lutein and zeaxanthin status and risk of age-related macular degeneration. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 2003; 44:2461-2465.
Gale CR;Walton S;Martyn CN. Foetal and postnatal brain growth and risk of cognitive decline in old age. Brain 2003; 126:2273-2278.
Ye S;Gale CR;Martyn CN. Variation in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene and risk of coronary heart disease. European Heart Journal 2003; 24:1668-1671.
After studying Classics at the University of Cambridge, Catharine Gale worked in archaeological research. She then studied Population Sciences at the University of Southampton and in 1994 joined the MRC Environmental Epidemiology Unit (now the MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit). She obtained a PhD in 1998 for a thesis on the role of antioxidant vitamins in determining risk of cerebrovascular disease and cognitive decline in elderly people.